Panthenol and Dexpanthenol are two names commonly used for the same ingredient.  Panthenol participates in numerous metabolic processes (e.g. energy production, synthesis of fatty acids) and helps to improve hydration in the outermost layers of the skin. Panthenol converts into Panthotenic Acid (a B-Complex Vitamin) in the skin and enhances skin regeneration and repair. When applied regularly, it has been proven to considerably improve symptoms of skin irritation such as dryness, roughness, scaling and redness. It is also an effective moisturizer. Very well absorbed by the skin, it regenerates, stimulates epithelialisation and wound healing. It alleviates irritation and inflammation. 

Glycerin – sometimes spelt `Glycerine` and also known as Glycerol – is a humectant which means it helps attract water and keep it in the skin. It is a very effective moisturizer that smooths dry skin and gives it long-lasting moisturization and care. It is both colorless and odorless.

Naturally occurring in chamomile and other plants, Bisabolol can also be derived synthetically. It has anti-irritant and anti-inflammatory properties and has been used in skincare for many years.

Vitamin C is a skin‘s own ingredient and functions as a major hydrophilic antioxidant. It is an essential micro-nutrient, that cannot be synthesized by the human body and has to be taken up by the diet (main source: fruits and vegetables). Vitamin C neutralizes free radicals and thereby protects skin from oxidative stress (ROS, reactive oxygen species) provoked by external stressors such as UV light and pollution. An imbalance of the antioxidative system can lead to oxidative damage of macromolecules such as DNA, lipids and proteins. Besides its antioxidant function vitamin C is an essential cofactor in collagen synthesis.

Vitamin E (also known as Tocopherol) is a powerful anti-oxidant that protects skin against the free radicals that cause oxidative stress and helps to support its natural resilience.